Biomechanics and Kinesiology

 

Basic Concepts of Motion and Force (10 Questions)

1. Define biomechanics and kinesiology.

2. What is the difference between kinetics and kinematics?

3. Describe types of motion: linear, angular, rotary.

4. Define displacement, velocity, and acceleration.

5. Explain scalar and vector quantities with examples.

6. What is inertia? Provide a real-life example.

7. Write about external vs internal forces in the human body.

8. Describe the role of mass in biomechanical analysis.

9. What is the importance of force vectors?

10. Define force couples and their significance.

2. Planes and Axes of the Body (10 Questions)

11. What are the three anatomical planes? Explain each.

12. Describe the corresponding axes to each plane.

13. Write about movements in the sagittal plane.

14. Explain movements in the frontal plane.

15. Describe rotational movements in the transverse plane.

16. What is the importance of understanding planes in clinical rehab?

17. Provide examples of joint actions in each anatomical plane.

18. How do planes and axes relate to exercise prescription?

19. Write a note on diagonal and functional movement patterns.

20. Explain how multi-planar movements occur during gait.

3. Levers and Mechanical Advantage (10 Questions)

21. Define a lever and its components.

22. What are the three classes of levers with examples from the human body?

23. Explain mechanical advantage in levers.

24. How does the patella function as a lever?

25. Write about the role of levers in muscle efficiency.

26. Compare first-order and third-order levers.

27. What is the importance of lever arms in strengthening exercises?

28. How do lever principles apply to lifting techniques?

29. Describe torque and its effect on levers.

30. What is the clinical significance of lever mechanics in rehab?

4. Newton’s Laws and Their Application (10 Questions)

31. State Newton’s First Law with a human movement example.

32. Explain Newton’s Second Law with a formula.

33. How does Newton’s Third Law apply in gait?

34. What is momentum? How is it used in sports?

35. Describe impulse and its relevance in jumping.

36. Give a physiotherapy example of inertia.

37. Explain how force and acceleration relate to muscle power.

38. What is the importance of reaction forces in rehabilitation?

39. Describe ground reaction force.

40. How do Newton’s laws guide safe body mechanics?

5. Gravity, Center of Gravity, and Stability (10 Questions)

41. Define gravity and its role in human movement.

42. What is the center of gravity (COG)?

43. Describe line of gravity (LOG).

44. Explain base of support (BOS) with examples.

45. What factors affect stability?

46. How does a wide BOS increase balance?

47. Write about changes in COG during walking.

48. Describe how COG and LOG affect posture.

49. Give clinical examples of stability training.

50. How does COG shift in prosthetic patients?

6. Friction and Its Functional Significance (10 Questions)

51. Define static and dynamic friction.

52. How does friction influence gait?

53. What are clinical implications of reduced friction?

54. How is friction used in joint mobilization?

55. Describe the role of friction in wheelchair movement.

56. Explain traction therapy in relation to friction.

57. What is the importance of footwear friction in balance?

58. Describe examples of friction modification in rehab.

59. How does surface type affect mobility training?

60. Write a note on hydrotherapy and reduced friction.

7. Moments, Torque, and Muscle Mechanics (10 Questions)

61. Define moment and torque.

62. What is the formula for calculating torque?

63. How do muscles generate torque?

64. Describe internal vs external torque.

65. Explain moment arms and their effect on strength.

66. What is the role of eccentric contraction in torque control?

67. Define stabilizing and dislocating components of force.

68. How does joint angle influence torque?

69. Write about torque in shoulder abduction.

70. Describe torque’s relevance in manual therapy.

8. Upper Extremity Biomechanics (10 Questions)

71. Describe scapulohumeral rhythm.

72. What is the role of rotator cuff muscles in shoulder mechanics?

73. Explain biomechanics of elbow flexion and extension.

74. How does the carrying angle of the elbow affect function?

75. Describe wrist joint movements and their axes.

76. Write about the biomechanics of gripping.

77. What is the importance of thumb opposition?

78. How does shoulder instability affect movement?

79. Describe joint forces in the upper limb during weight-bearing.

80. Explain movement dysfunctions in the upper extremity.

9. Lower Extremity Biomechanics (10 Questions)

81. Describe the biomechanics of hip flexion and extension.

82. Explain pelvic tilt and its clinical significance.

83. What are the forces acting on the knee during walking?

84. Describe the role of the patella in knee biomechanics.

85. Explain closed vs open chain knee exercises.

86. What is the screw-home mechanism of the knee?

87. Describe ankle dorsiflexion and plantarflexion mechanics.

88. How does foot pronation affect gait?

89. What is the role of arches in foot stability?

90. Explain subtalar joint motion.

10. Gait and Posture Biomechanics (10 Questions)

91. Define gait cycle and its phases.

92. What are the determinants of normal gait?

93. Describe common pathological gait patterns.

94. What is antalgic gait?

95. Explain ground reaction forces during gait.

96. What are the kinetic chain concepts in walking?

97. Define ideal posture and its components.

98. List common postural deviations.

99. How is postural assessment performed?

100. What is the importance of postural training in therapy?